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In France, too, resistance was organized against the tax increases that prepares the new government. But it will come mainly employers' organizations. In the program of Francois Hollande, 20 billion euros of tax increase at least directly related companies. And one of them focuses all the fears of employers' organizations: the removal of the pay scale relief companies paying the levy on the value added (CVAC).

Behind this name hides a barbaric tax simple. When the government of François Fillon has removed the tax in 2010, he replaced it with two lighter taxes levied by local authorities: the territorial economic contribution (CET) and CVAE which is a tax of 1.5% value-added enterprises.

But not to penalize the smaller of them, only companies with annual revenues exceeding 50 million euros are taxed at 1.5%. Below, the rate is declining, according to the volume of business done and the slices are made based on a precise schedule. The proposal of François Hollande to remove the pay scale relief, is to tax the value added of all firms with annual revenues exceeding EUR 500 000 at a single rate of 1.5%.

Concerns

This provision will affect the brunt of SMEs is concerned there be the MEDEF. The expected tax receipts rise, according to simulations, between 3.3 and 3.5 billion euros. Difficult to know in detail what this will mean additional burden for the firms concerned. But according to data from the Directorate General of Public Finance (DGFIP), businesses with annual turnover between 500,000 and 3 million participate to the tune of 1.9 billion to these new recipes. Those between 3 million and 10 million in revenue to contribute € 760 million, mainly because they are smaller.

Against attacks of the employers of this worrying increase in the charges, the team of Francois Hollande, during the campaign, responded by indicating that SMEs would benefit from a reduced rate of corporation tax at 15%. "Except that most SMEs are already at that rate," said an official employer, "and the program of Francois Hollande has never planned to extend this rate down to more companies." …… ..

In short, the new system will penalize SMEs unless, in the parliamentary discussions, the future majority agrees to additional gestures, such as a change in the scope of the current IS reduced to 15%. A first test will show that tax Bercy to support the French industry, in a context of strained public finances.

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Critics of the measure as its proponents can not but agree with Bernard Thibault: it will be "an event in Europe." Francois Hollande promised that one of his first acts would be to extend, by order, the possibility for some employees to retire at age 60. "This is the first time in many years that a government will come back to this vicious cycle of decline (…) of the retirement age," welcomed the head of the CGT, Monday on RTL. But he also explained why the measure seemed insufficient. The new president has been clear during the campaign: to qualify for this exception to the legal age (increased gradually to 62 by the reform Woerth), it will have paid 41 years. Contributed, and not validated this period. Nuance size. The pension system "offer" because of the quarters to insured under the National Solidarity, in certain situations – maternity leave, parental leave, military service, unemployment, illness or disability long – they do not work, so do not contribute not. Eight quarters are also given to parents for each birth (in fact, almost always mothers).

In practice, it will be necessary before having worked 19 years without interruption, to stop work at 60. An extension of the device 'long career "already open to individuals who began their careers at age 17 or earlier, which would affect about one in four insured approaching the retirement age (150,000 persons per year).

"We are pleased that this improvement is around long careers, both criticized at the time by the CGT and FO," says Jean-Louis Malys, the "Mr. Retreats "of the CFDT. The union had obtained this system in 2003 by François Fillon and Jean-Pierre Raffarin, in return for a longer contribution period. "Francois Hollande, the PS then premiersecrétaire very reluctant, has resumed since the principle of lengthening the contribution period as life expectancy," says Jean-Louis Malys. However, he announced his willingness to discuss "special cases", not to penalize the unemployed or housewives. The device 'long career "has two current relaxations: are deemed assessed periods of sickness, maternity, accidents at work (a maximum of 4 quarters) and national service.

Extensive consultation

The other unions are more virulent. "It is essential to discuss the modalities of implementation," Bernard Thibault requires. Otherwise, "this could be one of the first clashes with the government," threatened Jean-Claude Mailly (FO) last week. The obstacle is financial: the measure, in its limited version, should have cost up to 5 billion per year (funded by increased contributions) to the single basic plan. Perhaps these unions show they less indecisive when it comes to transpose to supplementary Agirc-Arrco, they co-manage with the employers. The cost is estimated at about 50% of that weighing on the basic plan.

Anyway, this step will be temporary, before consulting widely on the whole pension system. Age, duration of assessment, funding, harmonization of rules between plans, hardship …: everything can be discussed, promised the new head of state. But again, the financial strain will weigh. The Board of Retirement Guidance indicated that he would end 2012 new projections. And its president, Raphaël Hadas-Lebel, has already warned the crisis will result in a degradation of the accounts.

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An agreement was reached between three parties, conservatives, socialists and a small leftist party, for a two-year interim government charged with implementing the austerity program "criminal" in Greece, said Sunday the leader of the left radical.

"Three parties have agreed on a plan to a government two years to implement the agreement on the loan (rescue of Greece). They have 168 MPs in the new Parliament, they have the majority, "said Alexis Tsipras, leader of Syriza, after 90 minutes of crisis talks with the Socialists and conservatives around President Karolos Papoulias.

The leaders of these parties had not raised any agreement after the meeting, the Socialist Evangelos Venizelos ensuring no more than a "limited optimism" after talks concluded in "deadlock", his Conservative counterpart Antonis Samaras explaining its Syriza side that refused to compromise. "I made every effort to achieve global cooperation," he told reporters.

If the agreement was officially no new legislative election would be held and the assumption that the country out of the euro area would move away temporarily.

This is not the first time that the rumor is mentioned. But this time would be good. The Alpine A110, which turns 50 this year, could rise from the ashes after being buried by Renault in the 90s. According to Le Parisien, a modernized version of the race car that marked the history of rally cars will be on public display at the Monaco Grand Prix on May 25th. It will take the form of a concept car called Zar.

Little information circulates about this car. The press speaks of a model whose lines are inspired by the concept car DeZir, presented at Paris Motor Show in 2010. An element seems clear, however: it will be the same as the original electric blue founded in 1955 by the young dealer Dieppe, Jean Rédélé. The concept car should be equipped with an internal combustion engine with 400 horsepower two-liter turbocharged Mégane RS, understands the newspaper.  

The business plan is launched

According to Le Parisien, the Renault Sport are currently working on model definition and seek a platform that can be manufactured at affordable costs no fax payday advances. The next step is to conduct marketing research in several countries to determine if the request is equal to the passion that still arouses the race car. The manufacturer wants to be sure that the proposed development is economically viable.

Renault, which bought the brand in 1973, promises that this new model will be a "modern redefinition of the berlinetta. Not a neo-retro car, but a fantastic link with the past, "said Carlos Tavares, Executive Director of the diamond brand, quoted in Le Parisien. At the Monaco Grand Prix, world champion of Formula 1, Sebastian Vettel should have the privilege to make the new Alpine its first laps.  

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Two billion euros. The Intermat 1350 exhibitors, which was held from April 16 to 21 in Villepinte near Paris, have not mégoté their investments as they exposed construction machinery and construction worth a total of 2 billion. "This very large sum shows business optimism this year," explains Maryvonne Lanoë, commissioner general of the show.

This event is the meeting point for all actors of the French markets, Southern Europe and North Africa. "The trend is quite good, says Philippe Haugenauer, Sales Director France of Japanese Komatsu. We have seen the show many people who have projects, although few orders were signed on the spot. "With a turnover of EUR 18 billion, the Japanese group is the second largest manufacturer of equipment BTP in the world.

Strong rebound of the market

Reinforces a sense that the latest figures released by manufacturers. "The aggregate producers, who are our customers, have a very good first quarter, so a little unexpected," says Michel Herr, CEO of France Sandvik, the Swedish group specializing in drills and milling machines. The reason: the great works decided by the government after the 2009 crisis. "We take advantage of highway construction and high-speed lines, including those linked to Tours and Bordeaux, Michel Herr says. This allows us to benefit from a good order book for the second quarter. However, we lack visibility for the future. "

Despite its 15% growth in its European business in the first quarter, Saubot Alexander, general manager of Haulotte Group, Europe's leading manufacturer of aerial work platforms, believes that "this increase is lower than it should be given the fall market in Europe since 2009. " The activity is still far from the highest recorded in 2007 and 2008. Above all, Europe pales in terms of total growth over the period of Haulotte: 24%.

"The strong rebound in the global market for public works equipment recorded in 2010, to 17%, and 2011, 24%, is due in part because it had collapsed by 50% between 2008 and 2009" , said Maryvonne Lanoë. The activity remains well below the pre-crisis level.

"There are many projects, the problem is now often funding," says Philippe Haugenauer elsewhere. Dynamism that allows Buronfosse Renaud, chief representative of ICASA, the union representing the manufacturers of construction machinery, metallurgy and handling, be optimistic for the current year: "We envision an increase of business activity of the profession of 5 to 7% in 2012. "

One million cases of 24 bottles. This is what qu'Orangina has elapsed in the first four days of its launch large scale in Japan, three weeks ago. "We did in four days half of our annual goal, welcomes Midori Takahashi, in charge of public relations for the Suntory Group, owner of Orangina. We aim 2 million cases a year. "

The brand has a massive arrival on the shelves in Japan. Orangina is supported by an impressive advertising campaign led by U.S. actor Richard Gere, directed in a dream of France under the slogan: "Orangina, the soft drink that drink the French, is finally in Japan!" In supermarkets, it is advisable to mix the soda with red wine, "French". Suntory plays the card of the Hexagon, in a landscape crowded Japanese soft drinks. In 2010, Nobu Torii, head of international development strategy of Suntory and nephew of the founder, had gone to ask the French government for permission to use the tricolor on his promotion.

Japan had long awaited the famous soft drink. In 2009, the Japanese brewer Suntory bought Orangina Schweppes Group for 2.6 billion euros, according to Western press of the time. Then the winds Japanese fleet on the brand. Last year, the launch of Orangina Samurai (lemon flavor) and Orangina Geisha (fish taste) have included the passage of the mark under the Japanese flag.

The pub does not recommend shaking the bottle

Japanese version of Orangina was to be launched in 2011. Fukushima disaster has postponed the launch. The drink, so she immediately found a place in the heart of the Japanese, has disappointed the French living in Japan, who reveal "less pulp and more bubbles." Sugar levels and gasification of the formula was changed at the margin. The bottle-shaped orange mythical underwent a fitness class and finds himself almost as slender as that of Coca-Cola, she sees in grocery stores.

"We tried to be as faithful as possible to the original brand and the bottle, because the Japanese really appreciated this drink in its original form, defends Midori Takahashi. But we need to replicate the formula with Japanese ingredients, and according to the Japanese guns. And the famous bottle could be reproduced at the factory and did not take on Japanese store shelves. "

Result: a pale copy of the original, in French eyes, anyway. Advertising even recommends to the Orangina upside down instead of shaking frantically, without which the drink is exploding in the consumer's hand. Suntory does currently not launch outside the borders Nipponese. But it is not clear, despite the marketing of drums, which could attract foreign in this drink has become a bit bland, neither Japanese nor French.

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Time in one week (from March 19 to 25) industry has been in the spotlight in France. No fewer than 2280 events have been deployed to try to reconcile the public with an industry rolled by job cuts. In twenty years, more than 460,000 jobs were lost in the sector, according to the Strategic Analysis Centre (SAC), which provides yet for 2020, 3.425 million more jobs in this industry.

Director of the Ecole des Mines d'Ales, Alain Dorison advocates more than ever for the industry and seeks to expose its students as possible with this medium. "We ensure that our students know the industrial and SMEs and we train them to the culture of innovation and creativity," he says.

Innovation and creativity

On leaving school, 80% of engineers are working elsewhere in the productive sector, and 50% leave in companies of fewer than 2000 employees. "The addition of a large group, it is fame and salary levels. But in an SME, the great wealth remains the variety of missions and jobs, "he insists.

With a tray + 6 "design environment" conducted at the Institute of Arts and Crafts of Chambery, Lawrence Noca has hardly hesitated when the specialist outdoor Lafuma offered him a position in the eco-design and . Since 2011 he is Director of Innovation and Sustainable Development group based in Anneyron in the Drome and operates three production sites in France.  

"The textile industry is not the market that we hear first in schools payday loans. Yet there are real problems of production, materials research, "he says. Currently he is working on projects on eco-design hiking equipment and new methods of shaping fabric. "Innovation can be a true way to relocate certain activities," he recalls.

Of wood chemistry in printed electronics

Other rapidly changing industry, paper. "We are in an area where factories are closing, but at the same time moving towards green chemistry, which recovers waste, which will generate employment in the coming years. We talk less and less paper and more and more fiber, "insists Bernard Pineau, director Pagora, the engineering school in Grenoble Institute specializes in the paper.  

"We will of the chemistry of wood, boxes and luxury packaging, printed electronics to a market that weighed 3 million in 2008 and is currently estimated at 89 billion dollars!" Recalls Bernard Pineau. The 60 engineers who drop out each year to graduate have no trouble placing in France and abroad (with salaries of about 35,000 euros per year). But it is true that 40% are apprentices. "A quarter of our alumni now occupy positions of CEO or plant managers," commented Bernard Pineau.

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On the eve of the highly anticipated presentation of Indian budget, the finance minister did not hide his concern. The growth of Indian giant is slowing. Up 6.7% over the 2011-2012 fiscal year, GDP growth is at its lowest since 2008, is concerned the Department in its annual economic report, released yesterday. The first sentence of the document shall, in this regard, eloquently: "For the Indian economy, it was a disappointing year in terms of growth," notes the report.

Pranab Mukherjee, Finance Minister, still displays a target double-digit growth over the medium term, but now the account is not there. The usual engine of Indian growth, domestic consumption and exports are down.

This year, the Indian authorities point the finger above the weakness of the trade balance. In fiscal year 2011-2012 (April-December), the deficit exceeds $ 130 billion, against $ 96 billion a year earlier.

This degradation of India's foreign trade partly explains the depreciation of Indian currency, the rupee against the dollar. However, the Government's report points out several reasons for hope. The export markets are diversified. A good thing, while services have suffered cruelly from the European crisis. India, which depends on the Old Continent for 20% of its total exports, should relax its export conditions, the report notes. A beacon of hope for Brussels, while negotiations on a Free Trade Agreement with the EU stumble on such a reluctance to open their Indian service sector.

Conservative

For Gaurav, an economist at a major bank in India, the government report is "a powerful indicator of what has been done" but "it is very conservative at the project level, and new ideas are struggling to implement, as the recently seen for reforms affecting foreign investment in retail, which were abandoned instant credit report. "

The Government welcomes especially the effectiveness of measures taken against runaway inflation affecting the country for several years. In January 2012, higher food amounts to 6.55% while it was close to 9% for ten months. This decline in inflation is not considered sufficient by the strong central bank to ease monetary policy. After raising thirteen times its interest rates between March 2010 and October 2011, the central bank chooses the monetary status quo since December 2011, to the chagrin of the business community.

Thursday, the central bank still has disappointed investors by leaving rates unchanged at 8.5% on the grounds that the "potential risk of inflation had increased due to the recent rise in crude prices, the budget deficit is widening and the depreciation of the rupee. "

The employers immediately expressed his displeasure, saying the decision "against-productive" for the economy. "The industry needs strong signals of relaxation to help the recovery of investments," said the Confederation of Indian Industry. The central bank has promised that "future actions will go towards a rate cut."

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Brussels is the historical telecom operators in his sights. As revealed in the Financial Times, Brussels sent a questionnaire to the association GSMA operators and each of the heavyweights, France Telecom, Deutsche Telekom, Telecom Italia, Telefonica and Vodafone, requesting details of the informal club that 'they are since October 2010.

This club was created at the initiative of Stéphane Richard, who had just taken the head of France Telecom. His idea was to get acquainted with his counterparts and see how they could reflect together on major issues in the sector. Including the rise of Internet giants, Google, Netflix, Apple, Facebook, described as "over the top" or "OTT", an image to say they piggyback on carrier networks without paying the price.

Met for the first time 8 October 2010 in Paris, this "Famous Five" took a half dozen times. Aware that regular meetings of the five trucks, which together weigh more than one billion subscribers, may soon be mistaken for an agreement, the participants took their precautions easy payday loans. A lawyer shall attend the meetings and a report is sent each time to the European authorities. Moreover, Neelie Kroes, the Vice-President of the Commission responsible for digital strategy, participated in two of these meetings in Barcelona in February 2011 and 2012, alongside the Mobile World Congress.

Moratorium on lower prices

But today, relations are strained between telecommunications and the European Commissioner. This summer, Jean-Bernard Levy, CEO of Vivendi, René Obermann, Chairman of Deutsche Telekom, and Ben Verwaayen, CEO Alcatel-Lucent, met Neelie Kroes to hand over 11 proposals for the future of the sector. But the Commission did not adopt these proposals.

Especially a clash occurred last February in Barcelona between Neelie Kroes and the bosses of the five main mobile operators. They have asked Brussels for a moratorium on the reduction of roaming charges (calls from abroad). They are also dissatisfied with broken promises that Brussels was considering contributing up to a billion euros to broadband Internet on the Old Continent.

The Swiss are about to bolster their reputation for needy people. They will vote Sunday on whether to increase the minimum paid leave of four to six weeks per year. They should, if one believes an RTS survey released this week, overwhelmingly reject this offer, 30% of respondents only showing himself to be favorable.

In the employers and government, the vote on March 11, organized at the initiative of the union Travail.Suisse, unsurprisingly raises hostility. Swiss companies are concerned that this increase in leisure time would harm the competitiveness of a country where labor costs are already among the highest in the world. With the key, they are in custody, a rising unemployment. At 4.2% in 2010, the unemployment rate Helvetic is currently one of the lowest in the OECD.  

The French model which appears as a perfect example-cons. Since the law on the 35 hours they were "much more free time than the Swiss and it did not bring much," judge the employers' organization economiesuisse. "The unemployment rate is high, the economy has weakened and the French were wearing pale twice as often as the Swiss," says the organization.

The unions, meanwhile, argue that the productivity Swiss jumped 20% in 1992 and 2007, and it's fair that employees derive some benefits. According to them, two weeks extra vacation would also reduce the stress suffered by third asset.

Conquest of paid leave late

Within the Swiss population, the reluctance of employers to amend the social model seems widely shared. "These holidays that prevent work in peace" was the headline in mid-February the daily Le Temps. The RTS survey highlights that the Swiss Latin are more attracted by the proposal that the Swiss allémaniques, over 40% against 30% in the general population. But Le Matin claims that the work is valued highly consensual. And remember that for over half a century, all efforts to shorten the working week were unsuccessful.

The conquest of paid leave was made later in Switzerland than in France. It was not until 1964 has been entered in the 'Code of Obligations "to give the workers a minimum of two weeks paid vacation per year. The right to four weeks will be introduced 20 years later. Even if some collective agreements already provide a framework more favorable than the statutory minimum, "let it be said here, it is not in France, insists Time. 1936, paid holidays decreed by Leon Blum, the hordes of workers blissful hurling on the N7, it's not with us. "

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