A textile company, for lack of sewers it needs for its plant in Quimper, creates a pathway of learning to train its future recruits? The SME Armor Lux, well known for its white wine, made the headlines this week, at a time when all candidates for president are the re-industrialization of the country one of their campaign themes.

This situation is not isolated and number of industrial jobs – welders, boilermakers, milling … – are pulling their hair to find candidates and encourage vocations. "There is a real paradox between a high level of unemployment in France and companies who are not candidates for positions in recruitment, whether welders, millers, coppersmiths, payroll technicians, seamstresses …. In total we estimate that roughly fifty so-called shortage occupations. In our business we miss about 30% of requests from our customers because we do not have the resources and this situation has been deteriorating for a decade, notes François Beharel, group president of Randstad and staffing agencies. Concretely, this means that our group could generate 30% of turnover and more. "

For him, the problem is essentially related to the collective image What these professions in public opinion. "We imagine that in the textile industry and is like 50 years ago, while the environment has changed, that wages were revised upwards and that career paths are possible." "We have to get into people's heads, and young people in particular, that the industry is clean and not necessarily noisy. In this regard, the construction was successful for several years to reverse its bad image, "says Anne-Marie Bjornson, Director of Transitions AFPA.

Develop learning

A UIMM, Joel Mendez, Director Employment and Training, said that one communicates primarily on job losses. Yet in all sectors of metallurgy, the recruitment needs estimated over the period 2007-2015 are always evaluated credit score. Between 60,000 and 80,000 jobs per year, including 30 to 40% reserved for graduates, according to a study by the study-which will be updated in early 2012 over a 2013 to 2020 -. "There is a big educational effort and support to achieve with the companies to become more involved in processes of looking management of jobs and skills (GPEC) and assessing their future needs" says he.

According to Anne-Marie Bjornson Afpa transitions, there are ways to mount training particularly in the context of operational readiness to employment (job center) or as part of training contracts. "We are also working on the issue of transferable skills, which allow for example to a textile worker to work in the weld or a working precision to go in the car." But anticipating needs is a prerequisite and essential step, she insists.

For Joel Mendez, it is also essential to adapt the training devices to the needs, both in initial training in continuing education. And take the example of learning where the numbers in the branch of metallurgy grew 6% in 2011 (with a total of 26 000 apprentices). "At the last school year, nearly a thousand offers of learning could not be met and at the same time, the same volume of young people did not find any company. This shows that learning can be further developed and the various mechanisms put in place recently should help solve these problems. "

A situation that in any case, Francis led Beharel hammering: "stop sending generations of young people in jobs without opportunities. Spend money to know that jobs are to be filled with real careers, especially if the areas are not attractive. "

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In his defense, the government ensures that the global event will benefit the local economy. 1500 enterprises had shared a jackpot of € 9 billion of contracts. But experts estimate that less than 1% of GDP growth of the net gain generated by the Olympics for several years.

The major amounts invested for the event.

• Transport: € 7.8 billion

For seven years, considerable effort has been devoted to the modernization of the London transport network, to host 3 million visitors in addition to the 12 million daily riders. New stations were built around Stratford, the Olympic site in east London. A special express train, the Javelin, will link the park to the station King's Cross St. Pancras. But the risk of flooding remains a nightmare for the organizers and authorities in London.

+ Organization: € 2.4 billion

The organization of the fifteen-day competition is funded by private funds from revenue from TV rights, sponsorships, merchandising and ticketing (485 million euros). Some sponsors are involved in providing benefits in kind (eg telecom).

+ Olympic Stadium: 1.2 billion euros

The enclosure of 80,000 seats is the centerpiece of a series of new equipment final, including a swimming pool, a handball court, a velodrome that will find and use a permanent occupants after the Olympics. Each was built by an architect and a different promoter. Other facilities such as the basketball stadium, will be dismantled at the end of competitions.

+ Olympic Village: 675 million

The site of the London 2012 Olympic Village was sold for 634 million euros in a joint venture with Qatari Diar business cards. The village, which adjoins the Olympic Stadium, includes 2,800 new homes. And the contract includes the creation of 2,000 additional.

Security +: € 670 million

This is one of the positions responsible for soaring overall costs. The organizing committee found itself under fire for underestimating security needs. A first estimate "wet finger" of 10,000 agents has been revised upwards to 23,700, doubling the budget to fund these private security guards. A contract with G4S company specializing in 104 million was renegotiated to 344 million. Not to mention the tens of thousands of forces of public order.

+ Ceremonies: 98 million

Entrusted to Danny Boyle, director of Trainspotting and Slumdog Millionaire movie, the opening ceremony of July 27 should show the "best of Britain". Thousands of extras are being recruited. To succeed in this show of force after that which remained in the memories of Beijing, Prime Minister David Cameron has agreed to double the budget for opening and closing.

= Public budget: 13 billion euros

The note of the Olympics for taxpayers English has continued to fly from the original figure of 3 billion when London won the competition in 2005. The organizing committee is now working on a budget of 11 billion, but a parliamentary report estimated that the bill may reach 13 billion instead. 29 billion and even if we take into account indirect costs for utilities, including the police and military presence.

After weeks of uncertainty, the commercial court of Nanterre Friday authorized the takeover of courier Sernam into receivership on January 31 by Geodis, a subsidiary of SNCF. This is-of a partial recovery. Geodis and its subsidiary BMV disburse 750,000 euros to recover clients Sernam, or 200 million euros in turnover, and some employees of the courier company in bankruptcy.

Of the 1441 employees, 833 will join Geodis in their labor pool. SNCF will be offering for reclassification to another 600 employees Sernam which are not included. However, Geodis will recover almost none of the 55 logistics sites of the bankrupt or the 1300 delivery vehicles.

There is another week, the rescue of the company into bankruptcy by turning the fund Butler Capital Partners was far from certain. The subsidiary of SNCF had established conditions of occasions that it seemed difficult to respond positively. It took the mobilization of workers and a very high pressure, during the Easter weekend, Thierry Mariani, Minister of Transport, to push Pierre Blayau, CEO of Geodis, to be flexible to open the way for recovery.

Mobilizing ministers in recent months has, hitherto, to defuse these issues one to one industrial high-risk period for presidential elections. To achieve this, the government relied heavily on public enterprises. This is doubly the case of the SNCF. In the folder Sernam today. But before that, in January, she was involved in the liquidation of its subsidiary, SeaFrance and delivers more than 800 positions in rehabilitation and compensation of around 60,000 euros per employee not included, enough to silence anger.

No fire

In late February, EDF has rescued Photowatt and its 425 employees by announcing a full recovery in one of the few French players in the manufacture of photovoltaic panels. Renault owned 15% by the State, has agreed to secure the backlog of Foundries of Poitou.

The government has also convinced LVMH, the world of luxury, to mobilize one of its subcontractors to save a site in Yssingeaux Lejaby employing 93 employees. In other cases, governments have succeeded in obtaining respite. This is the case of the Petit Couronne refinery (Seine-Maritime), which employs 550 people payday loan companies. She was placed in receivership in late January for six months following the bankruptcy of its parent Swiss Petroplus which the owner, announced the closure. The liquidation was avoided. The deadline for submission of bids is 30 April, between the two rounds of presidential elections.

Another very sensitive site ArcelorMittal Florange. Employees rallied against the closure of the last two blast furnaces in Lorraine.

Nicolas Sarkozy announced in late February for new investment on the site and has led management to ensure that the closure was only temporary. The anger remains, but there was no fire. Three weeks before the second round, the government hopes that no other case does invite the end of this campaign.

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3 questions to Pierre Blayau, CEO of Geodis

What has allowed a resumption of Sernam while it seemed compromised last week?

We gave a period of five weeks before making the actual resumption. It was left to the attorney the time to organize the social aspect of this operation and for us to set up failover, including computers, Sernam to Geodis. Such a delay would pose a risk of deterioration of the financial position of Sernam. After discussion, earlier this week, with the receiver, we have agreed to reduce the actual recovery period to 21 days, May 7 We have been flexible to allow recovery.

One gets the feeling that Geodis is committed to backwards in this recovery?

Contrary to what I read or hear, Geodis has always been voluntary. This operation has a real industrial sense. We will grow in a highly competitive market. We take up staff and customers representing 200 million euros in turnover. We do not increase our fixed costs.

After the takeover by Mory Caravelle last year and now that of Sernam, market concentration French-mail is complete?

Even if there are fewer players, our market is still excess capacity. The process of concentration should therefore continue to favor companies that have a real performance culture.

For Jardiland, spring is even more active this year. At the end of the most important commercial of the year, the second network of garden centers by turnover and number of stores (205 and 14 abroad) should welcome a new shareholder. Indeed, Batipart, the investment company of the family Ruggieri, who holds 35% stake in Jardiland, wishes, according to our information, disengage. Charles Ruggieri, who was among the players in the development of FDR and significant shareholder of Korian, has invested 122 million euros.

The Conte family that owns about 65% of it's famous sign is not in a position to buy such participation. Concerned about the future capital of the company, the family that controls the capital, however, commissioned in autumn 2010 Lazard to find a buyer for 35% stake in Batipart even to consider a global sale of the company , according to several sources. When asked, the president of Jardiland confirms the mandate of Lazard, but dismisses any idea of ​​surrender and advance another scenario: "We are seeking capital for our development, especially internationally," says Michel Conte, who hopes to complete Operation "before the end of the first half."

The option Truffaut

Contacts with LBO funds, however, reinforce the idea of ​​a significant operation in the capital. "Last year, twenty funds have shown interest Jardiland, this sleeping beauty. Four are still interested, PAI, Astorg Equistone and Axa Private Equity, "says a close case. The latter held the rope – appointment is made with the management Jardiland for mid-April – but nothing is signed yet.

Interested stumble over two problems: "these funds are all taking majority stakes, but the family would retain control Conte," said a relative of one of the funds short term personal loan. According to our information, the Director General, Guilhem Porcheron, was notably landed last October for trying to demonstrate that the wish of the family was unrealistic.

The other sticking point is the price. "Usually, we value the garden 6-7 times EBITDA (gross operating surplus, Ed), more than the DIY networks. However, in Jardiland, the cost reduction program has not given any results, "said another speaker in the folder. The ebitda of Jardiland fell last year, reaching about 30 million euros for a turnover of 811 million euros. "Jardiland worth about 350 million euros, but the value of the ticket to capital remains to be defined. For funds also, capital is scarce and they are very vigilant, "the source added.

The future of Jardiland is closely followed by all market participants. And especially Truffaut, Louis Delhaize Group subsidiary, which also holds the Cora hypermarkets and supermarkets Match. Reportedly, the sign of the family Bourriez, very present in the Ile-de-France, the file would look again. Truffaut had already considered, two years ago, to buy its rival, to cover the territory. "There is no proposed merger of any order between Truffaut and Jardiland," says one, however Truffaut. Same response in Jardiland. "Doing so much sense, but the family Bourriez only lacks the necessary funds. The sale of Cora in Hungary was partly necessary to repay some debts, "says a close family. Find the ideal candidate for Jardiland seems difficult.

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"Dividend pay" or "exceptional bonus"? At the end of March, employees of the SNCF, will receive a nice bonus, the maximum amount, determined on the basis of seniority in the firm, reach 400 euros. The amount far exceeds that of 76 euros seen last year by the railroad.

Yet it gives rise to a real battle between railway union. On the one hand, the CFDT calls this premium "wage dividend" as a just retribution for "efforts" and it echoes the "record dividend" of € 221 million paid by SNCF to the State under fiscal 2011. "The CFDT and UNSA have successfully negotiated for its amount is reassessed, insists Tosolini Fabian, of the CFDT-railroaders. The rate was revised upwards through discussions with management. While we regret the randomness of its payment, we think this is good news for rail workers. "

The CGT, however, has no words strong enough to evoke what she prefers to call a "gratuity", "wage dividend" is a word "willfully misleading" and "can not exist in a public company," ensures the CGT. Above all, it is "funded by the job cuts, deteriorating living conditions and working railway, the extreme pressure on wages, the brake on career paths and declining social rights".

It is true that the CGT launched a strike notice for the day of 29 February on employment, wages and improved working conditions. The premium of 400 euros fell ill five days before the big day

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Hocus-pocus, coup, betrayal … and Socialist Trade Unions slam in chorus the vote "on the sly," Jan. 31 in the Assembly, a provision that amends the labor law. Section 40 of the bill Warsmann simplification of the law provides that "the establishment of a distribution of hours over a period longer than the week and not more than the year under a collective agreement is not a change in the employment contract. "It aims to extend a 2008 law which allows to modulate the working time per company agreement but requires the approval of each employee. A condition that prevents any modulation in practice.

Alain Vidal, in charge of employment in the Holland team, justified his opposition to this change: "A new organization of work may be incompatible with the family and personal life of each employee." ……. .

"The employee will have no choice but to accept the blackmail against new employment zones and / or pay cut, otherwise the dismissal without recourse," says Bernard Thibault (CGT).

But above all, Jean-Claude Mailly (FO) sees a "gap" to develop competitive employment agreements, while Francois Fillon has given two months to the social partners to negotiate on this idea. "This is a first step in the government's willingness to allow the employer to lower both working time and remuneration without the explicit agreement of the employee," he feared. "It is contradictory that Parliament legislates on an element of negotiation to be open, except to reduce the usefulness of this negotiation," abounds Francois Chereque (CFDT).

Short memory

"This provision only relates to working time arrangements and not contrary to the logic of competitiveness, employment agreements, to the articulation agreement in the same working time, work organization and remuneration", they responded by Xavier Bertrand wrote. The Minister sees no "interference with the negotiation," which starts Friday.

Unions are also far from having discovered this provision on January 31. It had been passed in the same terms, at first reading, the … October 18. So, before Nicolas Sarkozy calls for competitive employment agreements. And social partners had been consulted on the text in September by the Ministry of Labour! The CGT had cried foul but the CFDT held that section would "in the right direction." As for the PS, he had voted in the late 1990s, laws in 35 hours, a provision that an agreement down-modulating working time would be required for each employee.

"No organization has raised the subject during the preparatory meetings at the Social Summit, nor subsequent discussions on competitiveness employment agreements," says Xavier Bertrand. "We had forgotten," says a trade unionist. The text should be considered on second reading in the Senate next Monday, and then finally adopted by the deputies on Feb. 29.

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The German electricity grid are on the go. Wednesday they activated two gas plants located in Austria, Theiss and Korneuburg, called "cold reserve" and the old coal plants, normally unprofitable.

But contrary to information relayed by AFP, no nuclear reactor, one of eight closed last spring, has restarted.

"Nuclear power plants have not restarted," said Le Figaro Uwe Ditz, spokesman for the power grid Tennet. "This is a decision of political authorities." In fact, the licenses of eight reactors arrested were withdrawn by the government even if it did not rule out restarting three reactors in case of peak demand caused by a cold snap.

Restarting a nuclear reactor is more complex and longer than that of a gas turbine, coal or fuel oil.

In this period of extreme cold, Germany, with its thermal reactivated, manages to export electricity to France. The German Minister of Ecology, Norbert Röttgen, welcomes the surplus products, against all odds in winter, solar and wind power: "We had these last days capacities up to 10,000 megawatts (MW) solar energy , the equivalent of ten nuclear power plants and up to 11,000 MW of wind power. "

Is it more important to choose the first legal and tax status of its business or build a business plan? Candidates for the creation of enterprises facing multiple issues. Alain Belais, Executive Director of the Agency for start-ups (PACE), recommends that they follow a very rational.

1. The person who starts for the first time in the adventure of creation must first go to the website of the Agency for start-ups. She will find all the essential tips and steps to follow. She can tap into the toolbox that is available to him, then he will look to support networks.

2.If it is much easier to start a business in France, the new contractor must make a lot of work ahead of the creation of his company to put the odds on his side. Have an idea as good as it is, is not enough. Make sure that the company is a specific market, it has customers. It is essential to consider the viability of the project in detail. Plus the contractor spends thinking about his project, the more it gives the chance to see his company grow in harmony.

3. Do not focus on minor issues. The legal and tax status of the company is not the first topic to address. There is always a formula tailored to their needs when we understand its goals and needs.

4. The initial investment can be small or large.What matters is that the funds are available in relation to the needs of the project.

5. It should not be stubborn. We must not go too fast. Take the time to evaluate, test. If an idea does not find its market, you have to stop the project and give up. This advice may seem paradoxical because an entrepreneur is a man who can shake up the barriers and must be certain. But it must also be able to understand when it's wrong. However, a board shall not conceal another, perseverance, tenacity are the powerful engines of the contractor. Do not get discouraged and overcome obstacles one by one.

6. The new contractor must not remain alone in his corner. It should not be isolated. It must be accompanied. It is sometimes necessary to protect his idea, but he must also learn to trust, to reflect with others.Whether friends or professionals. Many networks are able to advise him, to help solve a problem, to build a case for funding or to face a difficult period. Qualify for free business advice, financial, legal, tax experienced entrepreneurs is an asset. There is indeed a surprising solidarity among entrepreneurs. Many of them are happy to know-how available to those who need it. The advice and support networks for sales professionals and law are very effective to support the project leaders.

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Voter participation could offset the overall cost of the operation, however, revised upwards. The latest estimates by the Socialist Party reported a budget of 3.5 million euros, against 1.5 million originally planned.In an interview with Journal du Dimanche, the spokesman of the High Authority of the primary, the lawyer Jean-Pierre Mignard estimated that this cost is related primarily to "the need to recover a significant number of voters who were in the wrong format. "

Moreover, strengthening the means of control is more weighed on the invoice. In particular, the PS did not foresee the rental digital pens to prevent fraud. The cost would reach 300,000 euros guaranteed pay day loans. Similarly, the recruitment of many bailiffs should have a significant cost, recognized Jean-Pierre Mignard.

Elected officials and activists in support of the campaign budget

In addition, the campaign paid envelope to each candidate was revised upwards just before the campaign. Thus, each participant had € 50,000 instead of 30,000.A total re-evaluated to finance new travel and meetings and printing of new leaflets.

But the two favorites polls, Francois Hollande who collected 39% of the vote to Martine Aubry (31%) did not hesitate to seek their support, politicians and activists, to finance their campaigns. In the end, the campaign of François Hollande should cost 250,000 euros to 200,000 euros against Martine Aubry. The deputy director of the campaign Arnaud Montebourg, John Palacin, recently reported that the campaign Arnaud Montebourg cost nearly 100,000 euros, funded in part by the militants.

Only the winner of the primary campaigns will have their accounts credited to the budget allocated to the presidential campaign.

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Jean-François Jamet – Nobody knows. This is the total blur as both a politically and economically. This will depend on the coming weeks. Today, investors doubted the credibility of the Italian government of Silvio Berlusconi in particular, entangled in scandals about his private life. They do not believe in his ability to find consensus in the short term and implement structural reforms to end a decade of stagnation. Italy is in the situation of a country whose financial situation is very dependent on the psychology of financial markets: the deficit depends on interest rates payable on its debt.

What will happen if Italy does not make structural reforms?

Italian debt will eventually become unsustainable. The risk of panic can not then be excluded.It would then interest rates will soar as investors withdraw massive failure and would become a likely scenario. However, unlike Greece, the risk is lower. First, the country just to pay interest on public debt. Then Italy had a primary surplus, that is to say, it generates a budget surplus, excluding interest payments on public debt. And so if going to Italy the confidence of financial markets – that if the interest rate is not found at high levels (above 6% for bonds to 10 years) – it should not have difficult to stabilize its public debt.Finally, unlike Spain and Ireland, Italy has no problem with private debt.

Just accept the Italian population does a tax increase?

Italy is able to reform itself, it has proved in 1992 and 1993. But if she will be unable Silvio Berlusconi remains in office. The government's failure to carry out structural reforms to boost growth, coupled with the antics of "Il Cavaliere", eventually to exasperate the Italians. As in Spain, early elections must be organized. By this election, a new government must be established: either a national unity government, a government technique, including bureaucrats.This was the case in 1993, a year after the start of the crisis in Italy: the governor of the Italian central bank, no political label, was then elected Chairman and appointed several ministers among its senior officials. The choice of a technical government would nevertheless be a sign that politicians have lost the hand and have not lived up issues.

Finally, is not it a blessing in disguise that the note of Italy was worse?

Paradoxically, Italy can probably say thank you to Standard & Poor's and Moody's. The deterioration of the Italian note the merit of the heart of the debate lack of credibility of Silvio Berlusconi and increase pressure for his departure.While it is regrettable that the rating agencies and interfere in the democratic, political pressure has been mounting in recent months with the electoral success of the opposition and critics of the Confindustria (Italian MEDEF) and even its own majority. One can also regret that the rating agencies and the European states have expected the crisis to sound the alarm about the structural problems that have existed for many years.

Europe can sustainably support it Italy?

It is already doing through the interventions of the European Central Bank to calm speculation on the Italian debt. Once the Member States of the euro area have all ratified the agreement reached in July, the European Financial Stability Fund will take over. However, this support to Italy by its European partners can only buy time.Only reforms and the return to growth will allow Italy to escape the trap of debt inherited from the patronage and corruption which had prevailed during the years 1970 and 1980.

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