Posts Tagged ‘online’

SFR launches cheaper packages, but no phone

June 6, 2011 - 11:08 pm Comments Off

SFR launched Tuesday its new line of mobile phone plans. With two major innovations. On the one hand, the possibility of a subscription without changing phone. In return, the package price would drop, drop up to 35% or 45%. An operation by which shock SFR is preparing for the arrival of Free, who has promised to halve the bill of a mobile home.

It is also a break with current trends in the mobile consumer, where the majority of subscribers are systematically changing phone – even if they still works – as soon as they leave for a new package of 12 or 24 months. Environmentally unfriendly habit while recycling is cumbersome to organize and costly for operators heavily subsidize the purchase of the phone.

The operators seem determined to break this vicious circle."Until now, subscribers have paid for urban subscribers of fields, those who do not change their mobile paid for those who changed all the time. Today, someone who does not change his mobile will pay less, "said Frank Cadoret, managing director of consumer and professional SFR La Chaîne Techno. Numericable and La Poste, which both come to embark in Mobile, made the telephone subsidy packages without the spearhead of its strategy to offer aggressive pricing packages paperless payday loans.

Bill Lefebvre

One way to take the lead for several months while the regulator (Arcep) wants to clarify the grant of the mobile.And it is also an objective of the Secretary of State for Consumer Affairs, Frédéric Lefebvre, who introduced his bill on consumer protection, on 1 June

The question remains whether consumers will be seduced, while, in turn, device manufacturers continue to offer ever more innovative models, adding 4G, 3D, contactless payment technology and other discovery.

Another new SFR must formalize its agreement with the online music site Spotify announced in Le Figaro (our editions of May 14). Like with Deezer Orange, SFR will offer several packages including mobile phones with unlimited Spotify. One way to consider another major change current practice: the decline of the voice and the booming exchanges of data, whether text messages, emails, web, video or music files.

Automobile: the peak shortage is coming

May 17, 2011 - 2:00 pm Comments Off

The global automotive industry has been particularly affected by the consequences of the earthquake in Japan on March 11. The problems of supply of parts continues to disrupt production lines. And the worst is to come as manufacturers currently still draw on their inventories of components for the shortages. But at this rate, stocks should soon be exhausted. Thus, according to the consulting firm IHS Automotive cited by Les Echos, the peak could be reached in early September, during which 3.4 to 4 million vehicles will not be produced because of supply problems.

In total, throughout the year, the Japanese earthquake could result in the loss of 2 and 3 million compared to 77.6 million vehicles produced per year, according to IHS Automotive.For now, the consulting firm believes that manufacturers could not produce the equivalent of more than 1.5 million vehicles have been produced in response to supply disruptions in supply chains which 1.1 million in Japan.

The magnitude of these shortages can be explained by the importance taken over the years by the electronics in vehicles bad credit payday advance. Electronic systems account for nearly 30% of the cost of manufacturing a car. But the main producers of these components are Japanese and there are few alternative sources of production. For example, Japanese Renesas which manufactures control systems gearboxes, holds nearly 40% market share.

Return to normal until 2012

Once past the peak, automakers will try to work extra hard to regain the level of production prior to the disaster even at higher levels to meet demand and replenish their stocks. But nothing says that the factories will be able to keep pace. In fact, the capacities of production lines are limited. On the other hand, the collapse of the automobile demand in Japan could encourage manufacturers to be cautious.

Thus, the groups should take time to catch up with the volumes that have been lost following the disaster of 11 March. Some analysts believe the situation should not be completely restored until 2012.

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Number two in the IMF serves as the DSK

May 15, 2011 - 11:36 pm Comments Off

The alleged sexual assault case that led to the arrest of Dominique Strauss-Kahn is also a blow to the institution he heads the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Sunday night, the institution announced that, as required by procedures, number two, John Lipsky, will assume the duties of general manager for the duration of the absence of DSK. The board of directors of the fund must hold a special meeting Sunday evening, "informally," says the institution. So John Lipsy who will chair the meeting.The IMF can initiate disciplinary proceedings against the Director General in case of "serious breaches" of the code of conduct for officials of the institution.

"This case is bound to tarnish the image of the institution, which, however, by the voice of its director general had managed during and through the crisis, to find a proper place in the regulation of globalization and stand at the heart international monetary system, "said Hassim Mounis, professor at Sciences Politiques in Paris.

"Dominique Strauss-Kahn is a Managing Director of IMF that will be remembered most," says the economist. "It will mark the spirits because he has temporarily disrupted the guidance of the IMF's role by requiring the state to support the economy, which is in total contradiction with the previous liberal policy of the institution," said it.DSK is known to have handled the economic crisis and financial crisis by bringing a Keynesian response … measured, however: in the emblematic case of Greece, the IMF forced the government to drastically reduce public spending and operate a process of privatization.

The IMF is "operational," Greece continues its reforms

Greece precisely, it ensures that the events that challenge the IMF does not change the government program to revive the economy. "The government is pursuing the reforms required by the Fund," said George Petalotis Sunday, his spokesman. DSK would have had to go in Berlin on Sunday and meet Angela Merkel to discuss a possible new aid to Greece, which had gained support in spring 2010 of 110 billion euros, 30 billion from the IMF.This meeting was to take place on the eve of a meeting of the Eurogroup, the Monday night and Tuesday in Brussels, with the main discussions at the agenda of the financial problems that resurface Greece for several days and that plague the markets. It is the deputy general manager of operations, Nemat Shafik, who will attend the Eurogroup meeting.

The IMF meanwhile assured that it remains "fully functional and operational." The Washington-based institution to ensure and maintain its role in the issue of European sovereign debt. "It seems impossible that the case could impact the DSK button timing and responsablités IMF, the stakes are too great," says an economist based in Paris.There was a pre-DSK IMF, there may be an after-DSK.

Who might succeed him at the IMF?

Since Bretton Woods in 1944, which devoted a share of the world between Europe and America, the custom was established to appoint a European to head the IMF and an American to head the Bank World. But in recent years, global economic governance has, too, internationalized: emerging countries like China and Brazil now have a bigger role, like the G7 became the G8 and G20.

Dominique Strauss-Kahn, who became the tenth Executive Director of the IMF on 1 November 2007, has himself advocated the continuation of the reform of the institution, and wanted a person from an emerging country for the succeeding fall 2012 . But the events that shook the Fund could also shake up the program.If DSK had to leave the branch, a new early election should take place. The voices, weighted by the amount of quotas, have been reallocated on March 3 after a major reform of the representation of the 187 IMF member countries. The reform has enabled the transfer of 6% of the votes of over-represented countries to benefit from emerging countries. Nevertheless, the IMF is likely to adopt a tougher stance vis-à-vis Europe under the leadership of a new management team.

"DSK is a former economics professor and renowned former Minister of Economy and Finance. He has a real economic role at the operational level to the IMF. In France, too, has played its role, "insists Mounis Hassim, comparing his skills to those of Raymond Barre.Under Jospin, DSK, then Minister of Economy (1997-1999), had participated in the launch of the euro.

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The Cac 40 disrupted by Greece

May 9, 2011 - 11:40 am Comments Off

In a quiet session ahead, the CAC 40 a break on Monday, after climbing from 1.33% Monday, following good U.S. job figures released Friday. The stock index opens down 0.49% at 4037.91 points.

On other European financial centers, the Dax in Frankfurt Stock Exchange is 0.41% to 7461.35 points and

With the exception of the Tokyo Stock Exchange, the Asian financial centers evolve upward Monday.

On the macroeconomic front, Bank of France (BoF) provides a first estimate of growth of 0.5% in the second quarter of this year. BdF anticipates a 0.7% gross domestic product for the first quarter.

The business survey from the Bank of France reported a moderate increase in activity in industry in April.The business climate indicator in industry decreased by three points to 107 while in services it has dropped one point to 102.

Bank stocks follow

Bank stocks will follow, while the financial situation of Greece worried, so much so that a new EU aid is getting ready by 2012. After two consecutive sessions of steep declines that saw him rise from 1.48 to 1.43 dollar, the euro starts again from the front Monday against the greenback and quoted at 1.4380 dollars.

Moreover, Eurofins Scientific will release its first quarter results, Vilmorin, its turnover in the third quarter of fiscal year 2010-201.

Transfer rumors Lafarge and acquisition for GDF Suez

Technip won a contract worth approximately EUR 55 million from Statoil for the development of the Vigdis field NE, located in the Norwegian Sea.The contract includes the supply of pipes to be installed by mid-2012 in water depths of 220 to 310 meters.

CNP Assurances reported Monday a net profit in the first quarter down 3.6% to 270 million euros, affected by a strong contraction in sales (-14.1%)

Lafarge and Anglo American want to sell 600 million pounds (680 million euros) in assets to their new joint British company, whose creation was announced last February, the Financial Times.

GDF Suez wants to have a pole there and energies reouvelables consolidate its ten subsidiaries producing green energy in France, according to Les Echos.Also according to the economic daily, the group would be interested in the Italian Sorgenia, 52% owned by the holding of the CIR De Benedetti family and 45% by the Austrian Verbund.

The passenger traffic of Air France-KLM jumped 23.1% in April, an increase that is "not significant" compared to April 2010 during which the European sky was blocked by the eruption of an Icelandic volcano, said Monday the airline group. In the past month, Air France-KLM carried 6.36 million passengers (+28%).

The credit insurance group Euler Hermes has done in the first quarter 2011 net income rose 58.2% to 75.3 million euros thanks to the continued recovery of the global economy observed in 2010. Turnover increased 7.6% to 544.1 million euros.

Numericable could announce the launch of a mobile telephone within 40 euro on Wednesday as well and hunt on the land of the Free (Iliad). The mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) that rents the network Bouygues Telecom is the origin of the site larevolutiondumobile.com. The group has denied wanting to launch an unlimited mobile plan.

Oil prices appear to rise

Oil prices were on the upside Monday in electronic trading in Asia, resuming after the sharp drop last week, dealers said.

In morning trading, a barrel of light sweet crude for June delivery gained 1.18 dollars to 98.36 dollars. That of Brent North Sea also June delivery gained 52 cents to 109.65 dollars.

The CAC 40 saves 4000 points

May 6, 2011 - 5:44 am Comments Off

The mood is sullen at the Paris stock exchange after the sharp declines seen the day before (the CAC 40 fell 1.31% and fell below 4050 points). On Thursday, the benchmark index of the Paris Bourse lost 0.95% to 4004.87 points at closing and narrowly saves the technical threshold of 4000 points.

Same trend elsewhere in Europe. London's FTSE was down 1.07% at 5919.98 points and the Dax was down 0.04% to 7376.96 points. Both indices had suffered the heaviest losses the Cac yesterday.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro lost ground after the ECB, which met in Helsinki, has decided to keep interest rates unchanged at 1.25%. The single currency traded at 1.4599 euros (-1.54%) after again exceeded $ 1.49 during the meeting Wednesday.Furthermore, oil inventories surged against all odds, which gave the lead in using oil, which fell below $ 110 in New York yesterday, which always move in the fall on Thursday.

Bad news on the employment front U.S.

Statistical side to follow on Thursday: orders to German manufacturers have accused their first decline in March of this year, falling by 4% over the month as analysts awaited a stagnation, according to figures released Thursday by the Ministry of Economy.

In the U.S., nonfarm productivity rose more than expected in the first quarter, while unit labor costs has rebounded more strongly than expected, according to preliminary data released Thursday by the U.S. Department of Labor.Productivity, which measures hourly output per employee grew at an annual rate of 1.6% over the period January-March after rising 2.9% (revised from 2.6%) in the previous quarter. Over the period, the unit cost of labor has on his side rebounded 1.0% after having fallen by 1.0% (revised from -0.6%) over the last three months of 2010. Analysts had forecast an increase of 0.8% in the first quarter.

In addition, new jobless claims in the United States rose dramatically during the last week of April. The employment figures that will fall tomorrow, Friday, are eagerly awaited.Yesterday, investors learned that ADP figures have reported a creation 179,000 jobs in April, less than expected.

Societe Generale falling, Carrefour sentence

Side values, a publication of rain is still falling on Thursday including the quarterly results disappointing Societe Generale, driving down the stock price of 4.98% to 43.25 euros, lead the CAC.

After the excellent figures given yesterday by BNP Paribas (-0.13% to 53.98 euros), the first bank in Europe, SocGen announced a net profit of 916 million euros in the first quarter, down from 13, 8% over the same period of 2010 attributed to an accounting effect related to the revaluation of its own debt.

Also at sentencing, the retail group Carrefour (-1.93% to 31 euros), which announced Thursday the departure of its Executive Director James McCann France and the postponement of a controversial quotation of its real estate subsidiary, but maintained its draft rate 100% subsidiary of Dia and its financial targets for 2011.

Lafarge (-0.95% to 45.24) reveals a net loss of 29 million euros in the first three months of the year for a turnover up 9% to 3.55 billion euros .

Legrand (-2.51% to 29.69 euros) in the first quarter increased 13.7% in sales and 41.2% of its net profit, thanks to emerging markets and new market segments which the group has made a priority, which has confirmed its annual targets.

Bureau Veritas (-0.10% to 58.25 euros) confirmed anticipate strong growth in its turnover and adjusted operating profit this year after an increase of 23.2% of its activity in the first quarter .

Axa (+0.20% to 15.02 euros) expressed confidence in improving its profitability despite a drop of 2% of its turnover in the first quarter to 27.92 billion euros.

Maurel & Prom, Arkema and Capgemini climb

The independent oil company Maurel & Prom announced Thursday want to split and rate of its independent subsidiary in Nigeria, whose shares will be distributed to the shareholders in proportion to their participation in the group. The action takes off from 4.41% to 14.68 euros this morning.

Arkema (7.02% to 73.49 euros).The net profit quadrupled to 151 million euros and EBITDA (EBITDA) reached 17% of sales through an increase much higher than the market.This puts us among the best chemists.

The French group Capgemini consulting and information services (+0.19% at 40.58 euros) saw sales increase by 14.5% in first quarter 2011 to 2.3 billion euros and confirmed its objectives of achieving a growth in turnover of between 9 and 10% for the year.

The producer of wines and spirits, Pernod Ricard (1.94% to 68.28 euros) Thursday announced an increase in its turnover in the third quarter and confirmed its targets for its entire fiscal year (July 2010 – June 2011).

Air Liquide (0.56% to 97.58 euros) wants equity for the premium

Its CEO said he was open to the principle of paying a bonus to employees in case of dividend increase, provided to maintain the equity in a group with more than three-quarters of the members are outside France.

Alstom: -0.90% to 42.24 euros Moody's raised its outlook on the Baa1 rating on the group stable, negative cons.

Total: -1.41% to 41.17 euros, GDF Suez: -0.77% to 26.48 euros a parliamentary commission on Wednesday passed a bill to ban UMP in France in the exploration and exploitation of unconventional oil, gas and oil shale.

Michelin (-0.69% to 66.05 euros) announced an increase in the price of its truck tires, civil engineering, public works, agricultural and handling in Europe to meet the continually rising cost of raw materials.

TF1 (-2.01% to 12.41 euros), which has suffered several setbacks during the hearing last month, decided to appoint a new program director, Jean-François Lancelier, which takes the place of Laurent Storch .

The French chemicals group Rhodia (+0.37% at 31.59 euros) on Thursday posted a net profit of 151 million euros in the first quarter more than doubled over one year and raised its profitability target for 2011 , to become a recurring gross operating profit of "more than 1 billion euros."

Veolia Environnement (+0.52% at 22.26 euros) on Thursday posted a turnover up 11.3% in the first quarter thanks in particular to the resumption of its activities in the waste.

Mr. Bricolage (-0.57% to 13.97 euros) confirmed its targets for 2011 after publishing a stable turnover in the first quarter to 135.2 million euros.

Gifi (2.43% to 76.20 euros) registered a growth of 5.2% of its turnover for the first half of its fiscal year 2010-2011, to 351.3 million euros.The turnover of the group's second fiscal quarter ended March 31 rose 7.5% to 139.1 million euros.

Cegedim (+0.35% at 42.50 euros) has reported a sales increase of 2.9% as reported to 211.5 million euros, but down 1.4% comparable data available, and maintained its target of 4% growth in turnover for 2011.

The food group Bonduelle (0.72% to 68.60 euros), specializing in vegetables, posted a rise in its turnover for the third quarter from 14.6% to 421.6 million euros thanks to an improvement in consumption, particularly in eastern Europe, according to a statement.

Fashion Show May 1: unions have mobilized some

May 1, 2011 - 7:32 pm Comments Off

Union leaders had expected that the 1 May 2011 be a little raw. It is clear they have struggled to mobilize. In Paris, the procession was attended by 12,000 people Sunday, against 21,000 in 2010, told AFP the police headquarters. Organizers say 30,000 people joined them.

The secretary general of the CFDT Francois Chereque was present at the head of the cortege left shortly before 15 hours instead of the Republic, like that of Luke Berille UNSA and FSU Secretary General Bernadette Groison. The general secretary Bernard Thibault of the CGT, which was also manifest, was ultimately unable to move "because of major back problems," said his entourage told reporters.

Leaders of the Left also participated in the parade: Francois Hollande Olivier Besancenot through Eva Joly, Jean-Luc Melenchon or Marie-George Buffet.The spokesman of the Socialist Party, Benoît Hamon, the number two party, Harlem Desir, or members Bruno Le Roux, Sandrine Mazetier and President of the Ile-de-France, Jean-Paul Huchon were also behind the banner PS.

The leader of the Socialist Party, Martine Aubry, has, meanwhile, marched in Lille. "We do not have to be in the streets to celebrate International Labour Day," said the first secretary of the PS about the sparse parades, saying that employees would demonstrate "in 2012 at the ballot box."

Attendance was up for the parade FN

In the regions, the mobilization was also low.In Marseille, among 2000 people by 5000 according to police and organizers, marched through the streets between 1200 and 3500 people in Toulouse between 2200 and 3300 in Lyon, between 2200 and 3000 in Bordeaux between 1200 and 3000 in Strasbourg between 700 and 1000 in Lille and between 450 and 1000 in Rennes my credit score.

It was also shown to Pau (800 to 1200), in Angoulême (500), Besancon (500 to 1000), Brest (250 to 300), Nancy (700 people according to the unions) and as at Dunkirk, in Orléans and Caen.

These figures were more than expected from a trade union unity has disintegrated somewhat. "The character of this holiday is both less said, the day falls on a Sunday," observes Marcel Grignard, number two of the CFDT.In 2009 the protesters were much more likely because of the crisis, and in 2010 the fear of the pension reform, just before its unveiling, had been a factor in turnout.

On the other hand, the parade of Marine Le Pen Paris, focusing on the workers and popular classes, has mobilized more than expected among 3200 people according to police and 20,000 according to the FN (against 2000 and 8000 according to the police according to the FN last year).

"May 1st, we are the popes of the earth"

Besides purchasing power – the secretary general of the CFDT, Francois Chereque, called on Europe 1 radio on Sunday increased the minimum wage beyond the 2% rise tentatively scheduled on July 1 – the themes that defended Unions are talking years' support for the Arab peoples who rise to the dignity and freedom, "and" equal rights "between French and foreign workers in response to" national preference "advocated by the National Front , a rise in the opinion polls.

Winks comedy peppered some processions. "May 1st, we are the popes of the earth", alluding to the beatification of John Paul II. But also slogans in opposition to the FN, as in Rennes' French workers, immigrants, same bosses, same battles. "

The player has to use default in the articles of figaro.fr.maj1

French software publishers renewed growth

April 8, 2011 - 7:32 am Comments Off

Design software in France is a little less risky. "In the French edition software, 2010 was a year of crisis. The growth of turnover was 16%, to 4.7 billion euros, "said Bernard-Louis Roques, CEO and founder of Truffle Capital, a venture capital firm that finances the ranking of players, called "Truffle 100." He added: "The editors have maintained their investments, especially those for research and development, during the crisis cash till payday. This behavior partly explains the low investment growth Publishers in 2010. "

As for results, the situation improves. "The margins are restored. Net income more than doubled, "added the expert. The first hundred publishers have earned a cumulative result of 543 million euros against 254 million in 2009. It is better but small compared to the situation abroad.

China ready to help European countries

March 12, 2011 - 11:20 am Comments Off

While China has already provided support to European countries struggling with debt problems, such as Spain or Portugal, it could again give them a boost. The central bank governor, Zhou Xiaochuan, said on Friday that "despite difficulties in some European countries, China supports strong to overcome their budgetary difficulties and succeed in their economic recovery."

Moreover, Zhou Xiaochuan said China is "very confident in the euro area and its ability to overcome the crisis. What about European countries in difficulty, the governor said: "We have confidence in their economic prospects." A response to the wave of downgrades by Moody's sovereign these days, that hit Greece and Spain.

China pledged last year to support the euro zone countries face the rising cost of sovereign debt, worsened by U.S. rating agencies. The Spanish daily El Pais had reported in early January that the Chinese government planned to buy six billion euros of debt in Spain. In December, the Portuguese daily Jornal de Negocios wrote that Beijing was ready to buy five billion euros of debt Portuguese. At the end of last year, the chief economist of the bank Natixis, Patrick Artus, had considered buying Chinese Greek debt to several hundred million euros. Beijing has never confirmed any of these amounts.

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Currencies: investors take more risks

February 22, 2011 - 4:20 pm Comments Off

If the Tunisian and Egyptian revolutions have little impact on financial markets, one that shakes Libya far more impact. Tensions in the country, which is one of the largest exporters of oil directly affects the price of gold and black strong impact on European stock exchanges (Paris, London, Frankfurt, Milan, etc..) Asian (the Nikkei has lost nearly 1.8% this morning) and American (the index futures point to sharply lower opening on Wall Street this afternoon).

On the foreign exchange market, concern is also affected. Investors, for whom uncertainty is the worst phobias, put their appetite for risk and protect themselves in the closet. How? By placing their ball in the values called "refuge", such as gold, the dollar or the Swiss franc.In contrast, the euro, it is shunned.

Thus the European currency slipped below $ 1.36 on Tuesday morning, facing a greenback sought. Around 11 am, the euro is trading exactly at 1.3574 dollars, down 0.8%. Strong increase in the foreign exchange market.

According to technical analysis – that is to say, the analysis using only graphics – a bullish retracement could take place if "we manage to hold above this level." Conversely, the break of 1.3540 support to "push the pair to return to the area 1.3430 / 1.3460 dollars," warns XTB.

Outbreak of fever dollar

"Operators now appear in the mainstream during the political uncertainty prevailing in Libya", note analysts from Saxo Bank.The dollar is the first to benefit.

"Then just yesterday the greenback remained stable on its main counterparties, currencies against the U.S. dollar depreciate all": in addition to the euro has risen from about 1.37 to less than 1.36 dolar, the Sterling is currently trading at 1.6140 dollars after fluctuating in a range between 1.6220 and 16240 dollar yesterday during the day. The trend is the same for the Australian dollar loses more than about 80 pips (or 0.0080) against the U.S. dollar during the Asian session: it is trading at 1.0015 dollars against 1.0094 dollars late yesterday evening.

The loonie (Canadian dollar pair / USD) has fluctuated sharply in passing last night of 0.9864 to 0.9821 Canadian dollar before regaining ground this morning at 0.9860.In addition, this pair should know today strong fluctuations during the publication of the retail automotive sector off 0.7% expected in December.

G20: 24 hours of intense negotiations

February 21, 2011 - 1:08 am Comments Off

France succeeded his exam. "Frankly, we are satisfied, we are not far from having achieved more than we hoped," let go Sunday a collaborator Christine Lagarde, visibly relieved. It must be said that the meeting this weekend in Paris was a test for the French presidency.

"Not many of you believed in!" Launched Saturday night a French negotiator to reporters, his eyes riveted on the final communique obtained at the price of a colossal task. The strong statements of China before the summit in fact left little hope for an agreement on indicators. Christine Lagarde, herself, had prepared the minds of this hypothesis: it would "not a tragedy," she said."You have no right to fail, it would be the death of the G20!" Was firmly told, however, Nicolas Sarkozy, welcoming ministers and central bankers at the Élysée.

"Not a wink" of the night

The objective was clear: get an agreement, which does someone lose face. During the day Friday, Christine Lagarde received most of G20 ministers to move forward in bilateral negotiations. The dinner that evening was unsuccessful, however, China – backed by Turkey – camping on his refusal to see the exchange rate listed as an indicator of global imbalances. Xie Xuren, the Minister of Finance of China even tried, after dessert, get the support of its German counterpart, Wolfgang Schäuble. This, however, tried to persuade him that an agreement would be beneficial to all …

22 hours, it was the turn of deputy ministers take over.The Director of Treasury, Ramon Fernandez and his colleagues spent the night Friday to Saturday, without a wink. But without success. Several formulation projects were rejected. "I just had time to shave in the toilets before the talks resumed on Saturday morning," confided Saturday Sherpa of the minister, smiling despite the missing hours of sleep.

Saturday morning, the French presidency then decided to leave everything flat. At dawn, Christine Lagarde and Ramon Fernandez were drafting a new compromise text, new working basis: in the new version not only foreign exchange reserves were disappearing, but the exchange rate, although mentioned, were no longer a indicator per se.

Noting this change in tone of the French presidency, during a coffee break, the Chinese Minister Xie Xuren lifted his veto.Still had to approve the document by 18 other countries …. The game was less difficult. During lunch, based on feedback, "we changed a word, then another," says Ramon Fernandez.

At 15 am, a bailiff distributed the final text, while another offered a plate of macaroons designer colors of 20 countries. A general reading was made without objection, which allowed a deal to snatch a few minutes before the closing press conference … "Everyone applauded, but it's true we had doubts until the last time, we recognize in the French camp."The talks were frank and sometimes tense," said Christine Lagarde modestly summary, aware that the hardest work to do to achieve this unprecedented agreement.

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